保护人民免受自己宗教社区的侵害:教会与国家中的无名氏

标题保护人民免受自己宗教社区的侵害:教会与国家中的无名氏
TitleProtecting People from Their Own Religious Communities: Jane Doe in Church and State
作者尤金·沃洛赫 著; 肖敬凡 译
AuthorEugene Volokh trans., by Jingfan Xiao
作者单位尤金·沃洛赫美国加州大学洛杉矶分校法学院法学教授;斯坦福大学胡佛研究所资深研究员;肖敬凡,康奈尔大学。
AffiliationEugene Volokh, UCLA School of Law; Jingfan Xiao, Cornell University.
关键字隐私 民事诉讼 公共记录 匿名 化名
KeywordsPrivacy; Civil procedure; Public records; Anonymity; Pseudonymity
引用格式
DOI10.55574/GALZ1175
论文链接https://www.clj.ac/?page_id=327

摘要:在某些情况下,个体由于担心公开身份会导致其自身或其家人在所属宗教团体中遭受污名,可能希望在诉讼或申请枪支执照等应当公开的程序中寻求保密。对此,法律是否应当允许他们匿名进行,以更好地保护他们的利益并避免阻碍其诉讼或申请的进行?还是这种匿名措施会对宗教团体产生不适当的偏见,导致其面临不公正的审查或评判,甚至干扰宗教团体成员评估同教派成员利用法院及其他政府程序能力的透明性和公正性?

Abstract: Suppose that people seek confidentiality in what would otherwise be a public process—such as litigating or applying for a firearms license—because they are afraid that publicly identifying them will stigmatize them in their (or their families’) religious communities. Should the law allow them to proceed anonymously to better protect their interests and to avoid discouraging their lawsuits or applications? Or would that unduly stigmatize the religious community by branding it as improperly censorious or judgmental—or interfere with religious community members’ ability to evaluate for themselves how their coreligionists are using the courts and other government processes?